How did scientists like William Crookes investigate psychic phenomena?

In the 19th century, scientists such as William Crookes approached psychic phenomena with a mix of skepticism and curiosity. Crookes, a respected physicist and chemist, conducted controlled experiments with well-known mediums to explore the reality behind spiritualist claims.

He sought to apply the scientific method to séances and psychic manifestations, using instruments and observation to detect fraud or validate paranormal events. His involvement lent legitimacy to spiritualist investigations, though his conclusions sparked ongoing debate.

🔬 Scientific Curiosity

Unlike many critics, Crookes believed in testing psychic phenomena under laboratory-like conditions to see if genuine effects could be measured.

🧑‍🔬 Studying Mediums

He worked with popular mediums such as Florence Cook, documenting phenomena like spirit materializations and unexplained movements.

📑 Experimental Methods

Crookes used tools such as electrical instruments, sealed rooms, and controlled environments to monitor sessions and rule out trickery.

💡 Controversial Legacy

Though his findings fascinated the public, many peers questioned his objectivity—raising issues still relevant in parapsychology today.